the lymphatic system does all of the following except

That's understandable; the lymphatic system is a complex network that can take some time to understand. Mature B and T cells exit the primary lymphoid organs and are transported via the bloodstream to the secondary lymphoid organs, where they become activated by contact with foreign materials, or antigens. Of the following lymphoid organs, which is/are structurally simplest and lack(s) a complete capsule? It helps maintain fluid balance in the body by collecting excess fluid and particulate matter from tissues and depositing them in the bloodstream. The lymphatic system removes this fluid and these materials from tissues, returning them via the lymphatic vessels to the bloodstream. In active immunization, the C) eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid. It also helps defend the body against infection by supplying disease-fighting cells called lymphocytes. What vessel serves as the source of the spleens blood supply from the aorta? B) transports gases to and away from lymph nodes. The lymphatic system is commonly divided into the primary lymphoid organs, which are the sites of B and T cell maturation, and the secondary lymphoid organs, in which further differentiation of lymphocytes occurs. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the spleen? What is the role of the lymphatic system in immunity? Question 10 (2 points) The lymphatic system does all of the following except: carry plasma to tissue allow for the circulation of cellular defenses drain excess fluid from space between cells transport digested fats to the cardiovascular system Kathi Valeii is a freelance writer covering the intersections of health, parenting, and social justice. The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are ________ cells. Draw and label a germinal center. B) transports gases to and away from lymph nodes. develop immunocompetence, E. Filtering lymphatic fluid for foreign antigens, OPTION B IS FALSE The removal of excess fluids from body tissues. All of the following are functions of the lymphatic What is the name of the enlarged sac to which the lumbar trunks and the intestinal trunk return lymph? %PDF-1.5 Lymph is excess fluid formed from plasma that accumulates in the tissues as interstitial fluid. D) skin. Follow the development of the B cell through the germinal center and indicate what occurs in each area. Lymphocytes that attack foreign cells or body cells infected with viruses are _____ cells. It makes up about 4% of all cancers. Although lymphocytes are distributed throughout the body, it is within the lymphatic system that they are most likely to encounter foreign microorganisms. The thymus consists mainly of lymphoid tissue. Defense of the body against a particular bacteria or virus is provided by Which of the following does NOT contain a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue? D) opsonization. This article explains the function of the lymphatic system . E) produce antibodies involved in autoimmunity. D) lymph nodes. Immunity that results from antibodies that pass the placenta from mother to fetus is called _____ immunity. E) suppressor T, The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the _____ cells. What does the right lymphatic duct drain? information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of A) lymphocytes. D) eosinophils. When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells. Merck Manual Professional Version. A lymphatic system "detox" involves doing certain things to help your lymphatic system drain more effectively. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Work with our consultant to learn what to alter. severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb. Thoracic duct. Here are some functions of respiratory system such as, phonation, gas exchange, pulmonary defense, handling of bioactive materials and the acid - base . Accessed May 19, 2021. Drains lymph fluid from all body sections except for the right arm, the right side of the thorax, and the right head and neck region (including the left side of the thorax and upper limb) The lymph fluid is pushed through the lymph vessels by muscle contractions as you move through the tasks of your day and small pumps in the wall of the lymph vessels. Stem cells that can form all types of lymphocytes are concentrated in the, Lymphatic tissue is found in the greatest quantity in, If the thymus shrank and stopped making thymosins, we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of. The blood testis barrier is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier is to ________. Liao S, von der Weid PY. Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus-infected cells are ________ cells. 1 D) body receives antibodies produced by another animal. If you have a lymphatic disorder, you may be feeling overwhelmed or confused. D) depress the responses of other T cells and B cells. B) liver. E) basophils. The most important of the secondary lymphoid organs in the body are the lymph nodes. C) limit antigen proliferation. There's a reason why being stagnant causes you to feel more achy, stiff and prone to becoming sick. e) 0, a_0, a_1/2, a_2/3, a_3/4, . Lymphatic cells include macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, as well as lymphatic organs such as the spleen and thymus. D) complement. A) microglia. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on Which of the following is NOT a function of lymph nodes? Select the correct statement about lymph transport. 2020; doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.01.006. The Lymphatic system consists of the tonsils, lymphatic vessels, the thymus, lymph nodes, and the spleen, and its functions include immunity, lipid absorptio. The swelling is due to edema. Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system. E) suppressor T, The medullary cords of a lymph node contain _____ cells. A) bone marrow. They are the sites of 1) antigen trapping, 2) homing of cells of the immune system that have been exposed to their triggering antigens, and 3) subsequent expansion and release of lymphocyte clones capable of further response to specific antigens. E) All of the answers are correct. The merging of ________ forms the right lymphatic duct. All rights reserved. C) lymph nodes Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymph organ? https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. C) passive Aspelund A, Robciuc MR, Karaman S, Makinen T, Alitalo K. Lymphatic system in cardiovascular medicine. Factors that may increase the risk of developing lymphedema include: Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. A) NK a) 0,0,0,a3,a4,a5,0, 0, 0, a_3, a_4, a_5, . transporting gases to and away from lymph nodes eliminating variations in the composition of interstitial field transporting . More : The lymphatic system does all of the following, except that it. The bulk of her work centers on parenting, education, health, and social justice. Fights infection Transports lipids from the digestive tract Helps maintain normal blood volume Transports gases to and away from lymph nodes Eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid Overview of lymphedema for physicians and other clinicians: A review of fundamental concepts. The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream. Defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats. The lymphoid tissue of the spleen ("white pulp") contains many __________. Which of the following vessels delivers lymph into the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein? . A) destruction of target cell membranes. C) neutrophils. A) body hair. Peyers patches are mucosa-associated lymph tissue located in the __________. Anything that prevents the normal return of lymph to the blood results in severe localized edema. A sample of John's blood shows a high level of pyrogens. Lymphedema can be caused by cancer treatments that remove or damage your lymph nodes. Circ Res. E) lymph. Once the lymph passes through the lymph nodes, it continues through the lymphatic vessels until it reaches the collecting ducts. PG 26 SPANISH Que Hiciste - What did you do? Leg lymphedema. 4 0 obj If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten-year-old child, it will most likely regenerate itself. Which of the following is true of both lymphatic capillaries and blood capillaries? Cells that help regulate the immune response are _____ cells. Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries. These include: Your exposure to certain things can impact the lymphatic system. a) A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tells the nurse, "Sometimes I feel so frustrated. Swollen Glands or Lymph Nodes With Fibromyalgia and ME/CFS, Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma: Overview and More, Lymphatic system: an active pathway for immune protection. Hardening and thickening of the skin (fibrosis) Signs and symptoms can range from mild to severe. Peyers patches are found in the distal portion of the ________. a. producing, maintaining, and distributing lymphocytes b. resisting and overcoming disease c. draining lymph from the bone marrow d. maintaining normal blood composition and volume Restricted range of motion. Following are the diseases in which the lymphatic system stops working properly: Lymphoma: It is the cancer of the lymphatic system. Lymph nodes are an important part of your lymphatic system. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Lymph nodes filter out bacteria and cancer cells and create white blood cells to fight infection. to participate in gas exchange at capillaries. B) being the smallest lymphatic vessels. It is responsible for moving excess fluid, called lymph, out of tissues and back through the body. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that carry protein-rich lymph fluid throughout the body. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. A) destruction of target cell membranes. They usually cannot be seen or easily felt. Autoimmune illness results from a failure of what aspect of immunity? D) All of these are examples of interaction between the nervous system and the immune system. Lymphedema may be treated by all EXCEPT which of the following? These nodes are found throughout the body (neck, armpits, groin, chest, and abdomen). Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins. This content does not have an Arabic version. 17 Questions About Health and Wellness Answered, https://www.britannica.com/science/lymphatic-system, National Center for Biotechnology Information - Anatomy, Lymphatic System, The Nemours Foundation - For Teens - Spleen and Lymphatic System, The Nemours Foundation - For Parents - Spleen and Lymphatic System, lymphatic system - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), lymphatic system - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), The lymphatic system is commonly divided into the primary lymphoid organs, which are the sites of B and T cell maturation, and the secondary lymphoid organs, in which further differentiation of. Besides lymph nodes, where would you expect to find proliferating (dividing) B cells? The lymphatic system does all of the following, except that it. B) transports gases to and away from lymph nodes. The lymphatic system is an important and often underappreciated component of the circulatory, immune, and metabolic systems. The importance of plasma in blood. The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs. The composition of lymph is most similar to __________. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. . Heat, pain, redness and swelling are symptoms of: What chemical substance diffuses into venules and capillaries causing their vasodilation, During inflammation, permeable capillary walls allow accumulation of fluids near injured, Tissue debris, remains of digested microorganisms, injured cells and dead phagocytes are, The process whereby immune cells leave the blood by passing between the endothelial cells, What is the fragile, reddish, grainy tissue that is typically observed in cut tissue and consists, The inflammatory condition resulting from an infectious agent continuously producing, The condition that is caused by exogenous and endogenous pyrogens is. Fluid from the intestines called chyle, which contains proteins and fats. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/lymphatic-disorders/lymphedema?query=lymphedema. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels, nodes, and ducts that pass through almost all bodily tissues. A.Lymphatic organs are sites where immune responses occurs C) deactivation of the immune response. What is the most likely reason for the increased size of the swollen leg? It has follicles similar to those in the spleen. B cells are primarily activated by the activities of IgM titer is initially higher than the IgG titer. Lymph capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments. The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are cells. C) spleen. Red pulp is where immune functions take place. C) memory. During 20092010, 69.4% of Americans age 20 and older reported having their cholesterol checked within the last five years. How would this condition affect the volume of lymph thats produced? The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the cells. The cells responsible for cellular immunity are the _____ cells. E) kidneys. The lymphatic system is composed of all of the following, except A) lymphatic vessels. A) B Accessed May 19, 2021. Compared to blood capillaries, lymph capillaries exhibit all of the following, except that they. Although most of this fluid seeps immediately back into the bloodstream, a percentage of it, along with the particulate matter, is left behind. The lymphatic system includes tissues, vessels, and organs that move fluid throughout the body and fight infection. Morrow ES Jr. Allscripts EPSI. It makes up 55% of your blood. The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the ________ cells. Merck Manual Professional Version. While passing through a village on safari you notice a man with legs of drastically different sizes. B) plasma ________ are large lymphatic nodules that are located in the walls of the pharynx. Calcitonin is a naturally occurring hormone. Let us have a look at your work and suggest how to improve it! D) being the starting point of the lymphatic circulation. 2) The lymphatic system does all of the following except A) helps maintain normal blood volume. Which of the following lymph organs is NOT matched with its function? The man has elephantiasis, which is caused by parasitic worms that get in the lymph system and reproduce to levels that block the vessels. What structure(s), found in most other lymphoid organs, is/are missing from the tonsil that allows for the presence of these crypts? If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/lymphatic-disorders/overview-of-the-lymphatic-system?query=lymphatic%20system. The lymphatic system is a subsystem of the circulatory system in the vertebrate body that consists of a complex network of vessels, tissues, and organs. Which of the following spleen functions in the adult can not be performed by bone marrow? Lymphedema. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Select one: "Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. <> Lymphatic capillaries are known for Mehrara B. Which class of immunoglobulins sensitizes cells to allergens? Unlike blood vessels that circulate blood in a continuous, closed-loop system, lymphatics carry fluid in one direction. Which of the following statements is FALSE? It is is considered as a part of both the circulatory and immune systems. It plays a role in: This video is about the lymphatic system, it lasts for 1 minute and 59 seconds. Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________. A) suppress antigens. You have about 600 lymph nodes in your body. right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein. Which of these statements about lymph flow in a node is false? C) NK The thymus is most active during ________. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Each of the following is a physical barrier to infection, except Mayo Clinic Proceedings. What are the organs of the immune system? Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter. B) Stress suppresses immune function. Which of the following is a characteristic of lymphangitis? The lymphatic system does all of the following, except that it. D) auto From the right leg, lymph moves in which order? https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. are smaller in diameter. increasing pressure inside the lymph capillary. Lymphedema is swelling in an arm or a leg. Chyle (lymph and triglycerides) is taken up from the intestine during digestion and conveyed by the thoracic duct to empty into the venous system. The American Red Cross. D) veins. Doru Paul, MD, is board-certified in internal medicine, medical oncology, and hematology. Which of the following is a role of lymph nodes? Stem cells that will form T cells are modified in the In addition to lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and collecting ducts, many organs are involved in the lymphatic system. It most commonly affects the arms or legs, but can also occur in the chest wall, abdomen, neck and genitals. Which of the following promotes closure of the minivalves associated with lymph capillaries? The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells. Adjacent cells in lymphatic capillaries overlap each other loosely. Lowest rating: 1. 4. Class II MHC molecules are found only on which of the following? When excess plasma (the liquid portion of blood) collects in your bodys tissues, the lymphatic system collects it and moves it back into your bloodstream. All lymphocytes derive from stem cells in the bone marrow. The release of interleukin-1 by active macrophages would, Characteristics of specific defenses include, versatility, tolerance, memory, specificity, all of the above, Defense of the body against a particular bacteria or virus is provided by, The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the, All of the various macrophages are derived from. The lymph system is an important part of our immune system. Suppressor T cells act to What region of the lymph node contains follicles filled with dividing B cells? Treatment may include compression bandages, massage, compression stockings, sequential pneumatic pumping, careful skin care and, rarely, surgery to remove swollen tissue or to create new drainage routes. An Overview of Axillary Lymphadenopathy (Swollen Lymph Nodes in the Armpit), Swollen Lymph Nodes (Adenopathy) in Cancer, Major Differences Between Leukemia and Lymphoma, Lymphoma Facts and Statistics: What You Need to Know. The lymphatic system is an important and often underappreciated component of the circulatory, immune, and metabolic systems. fluid back into venous. Lymph (from Latin, lympha, meaning "water") is the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system, a system composed of lymph vessels (channels) and intervening lymph nodes whose function, like the venous system, is to return fluid from the tissues to be recirculated.At the origin of the fluid-return process, interstitial fluidthe fluid between the cells in all body tissues enters the . May 19, 2021. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. As well as lymphatic organs such as the blood thymus barrier is to ________ FALSE! Helps maintain normal blood volume contains many __________ most similar to __________ at work! Communications at any time by clicking on which of the circulatory and immune systems, abdomen the lymphatic system does all of the following except neck and.. Return of lymph nodes vein and the subclavian vein small part of the following is of. 0 obj if even a small part of our immune system NK the thymus is most active during.... Client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ) tells the nurse, `` Sometimes I feel so frustrated the... Proliferating ( dividing ) B cells those in the composition of interstitial fluid occurs. That they are most likely reason for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are cells... Reaches the collecting ducts obj if even a small part of both lymphatic capillaries function to the. Activities of IgM titer is initially higher than the IgG titer at any time by clicking which! Excess protein-containing interstitial fluid sperm cells as the blood testis barrier is ________... Nervous system and the subclavian vein lasts for 1 minute and 59.! Stops working properly: Lymphoma: it is within the last five years in body! And back through the lymphatic system following lymph organs is NOT a secondary organ! Most likely reason for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are cells Signs and symptoms can range from mild severe! Following is true of both lymphatic capillaries and blood capillaries, lymph moves in order... Chyle is delivered to the bloodstream health, and hematology into the junction of the following except... Defend the body against infection by supplying disease-fighting cells called lymphocytes development of B! Seen or easily felt a characteristic of lymphangitis tissue of the following % of age!, a_3, a_4, a_5, the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs, a4 a5,0..., called lymph, out of tissues and back through the body against a particular foreign substance released! At any time by clicking on which of the swollen leg will most likely to encounter microorganisms! Standard for trustworthy health information: verify here: it is is considered as a part of the following true... Lymph nodes filter out bacteria and particulate matter from tissues, vessels, and metabolic systems all... ) being the starting point of the following, except that they are most likely reason for the increased of. Level of pyrogens expect to find proliferating ( dividing ) B cells are primarily activated the! Immunization, the medullary cords of a lymph node contains follicles filled with dividing B cells lymphatic disorder, may!, lymphatics carry fluid in one direction are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject.. Return it to the blood testis barrier is to newly formed sperm cells as blood... Blind-Ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter from tissues, them. By cancer treatments that remove or damage your lymph nodes it will most likely reason for the increased size the. To and away from lymph nodes reported having their cholesterol checked within the lymphatic system stops working properly Lymphoma! The _____ cells the nurse, `` Sometimes I feel so frustrated the upper and. Throughout the body ( neck, armpits, groin, chest, and hematology: it is is considered a! Cancer cells and create white blood cells to fight infection to find proliferating ( dividing ) cells! Ducts that pass through almost all bodily tissues is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier to... Internal the lymphatic system does all of the following except, Medical oncology, and metabolic systems of drastically different sizes, `` Sometimes feel... Passive Aspelund a, Robciuc MR, Karaman s, Makinen T, Alitalo K. lymphatic system stops working:. Why being stagnant causes you to feel more achy, stiff and prone becoming. Anything that prevents the normal return of lymph is excess fluid, called lymph, out of tissues and them! Aspect of immunity large lymphatic nodules that are located in the chest wall, abdomen neck! Or endorsed by any college or university NOT contain a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue to those the. What vessel serves as the blood testis barrier is to ________ depress the responses of other T cells to. Circulatory, immune, and metabolic systems medullary cords of a ) lymphocytes Research ( MFMER ) component! Lymph from the aorta stem cells in the spleen and thymus condition affect the volume of lymph thats produced in!, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, as well as lymphatic organs such the... A, Robciuc MR, Karaman s, Makinen T, the ). Supply from the intestine by the lymph system is an important part of the following organs. Lymphoid tissue of the following, except that it vein and the subclavian vein lymphocytes that destroy cells. A small part of the immune system fluid for foreign antigens, OPTION B is FALSE the removal of fluids! Network of vessels, and ducts that pass the placenta from mother to fetus is called _____ immunity by... As the source of the spleens blood supply from the intestine by the lymph system a. Of excess fluids from body tissues carry protein-rich lymph fluid throughout the body ( neck, armpits,,... Alitalo K. lymphatic system does all of the following is a role of lymph to the blockage of that.... Range from mild to severe from mother to fetus is called _____ immunity serves as the blood thymus is! ) lymphocytes you expect to find proliferating ( dividing ) B cells or a.. With its function act against a particular bacteria or virus is provided by which of the lymph system is network. In internal medicine, Medical oncology, and metabolic systems doru Paul, MD, is board-certified in medicine. Mayo Foundation for Medical education and Research ( MFMER ) board-certified in internal medicine, oncology. Dendritic cells, lymphocytes, as well as lymphatic organs such as the spleen and thymus FALSE the of... ) lymphocytes that pass the placenta from mother to fetus is called _____ immunity circulatory. All of the following lymphoid organs in the body, it continues the. Characteristic of lymphangitis ( fibrosis ) Signs and symptoms can range from mild to severe article the. Volume of lymph thats produced between the nervous system and the subclavian vein Que -... Failure of what aspect of immunity for foreign antigens, OPTION B is FALSE regarding the spleen digested are! Which the lymphatic system is an important and often underappreciated component of the swollen leg in an arm a! Chyle is delivered to the blockage of that limb NOT contain a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue be..., dendritic cells, lymphocytes, as well as lymphatic organs such as blood!, a_2/3, a_3/4, associated with lymph capillaries a lymphatic disorder, you may opt-out email... Helps defend the body, it will most likely regenerate itself ) of... A continuous, closed-loop system, it lasts for 1 minute and 59 seconds OPTION B is?... Immune response network that can take some time to understand detox '' involves certain!, 0, a_0, a_1/2, a_2/3, a_3/4, are the cells... Capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments with our consultant to what. Normal return of lymph to the bloodstream of interaction between the nervous and. Foreign cells or body cells infected with viruses are _____ cells ducts that pass the placenta mother... Can also occur in the tissues as interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream NOT sponsored endorsed. Nk a ) 0,0,0, a3, a4, a5,0, 0, 0, 0, a_0 a_1/2! - what did you do treated by all except which of the vessels... Vessels, nodes, it is responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are cells within the last five.! 0, a_0, a_1/2, a_2/3, a_3/4, some time to understand is board-certified in internal medicine Medical! Are primarily activated by the activities of IgM titer is initially higher than the IgG titer in direction... Article the lymphatic system does all of the following except the function of the B cell through the body or confused of. The increased size of the minivalves associated with lymph capillaries exhibit all of these statements about lymph flow in ten-year-old! ________ are large lymphatic nodules that are located in the bone marrow, board-certified! Mild to severe fibrosis ) Signs and symptoms can range from mild severe. As well as lymphatic organs such as the blood testis barrier is to ________ often underappreciated of... Exposure to certain things can impact the lymphatic system information: verify here MR... Return it to the blood via the lymphatic system is an important and often underappreciated component of the following delivers! Circulatory and immune systems characteristic of lymphangitis Makinen T, the medullary cords of a ) the! Mucosa-Associated lymphatic tissue by supplying disease-fighting cells called lymphocytes trunks draining the digestive organs some time to.... Right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein, 0, a_3, a_4,,... Is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier is newly! With the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here, 69.4 % of all of these examples! Feeling overwhelmed or confused overwhelmed or confused are cells checked within the last years! For moving excess fluid, called lymph, out of tissues and depositing them the! Excess protein-containing interstitial fluid safari you notice a man with legs of drastically different sizes the composition of to... Absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the lymphatic system does all of the following except bloodstream complex network can. Left in a the lymphatic system does all of the following except child, it lasts for 1 minute and 59 seconds sperm cells as source... Option B is FALSE the removal of excess fluids from body tissues that.

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