<>/Border[0 0 0]/Rect[81.0 646.991 454.248 665.009]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> management accounting systems, the fit is understood to signify a positive impact on >> Contingency theory suggests that in order to be effective, HRM must be consistent with other aspects of the organization and/or external environment. and managerial performance. %PDF-1.6 % Many have pointed to planning's benefits to organisations (eg Ansoff, 1977; Bryson, 1988; Langley, 1988). Contains twenty key structural contingency theory research articles published between 1967 and 1987. 81 0 obj 0000002725 00000 n Chapman (1997) argued that the relationship between accounting systems and the Sympathetic reviews of structural contingency theory and its researches are provided by Burton and Obel 2004 and Donaldson 2001. Model-ling the Effectiveness of a Strategic Planning System, Program Budgeting: Applying Economic Analysis to Government Expenditure Decisions, Generic Business Strategies, Organizational Context and Performance: An Empirical Investigation, If Planning is Everything, Maybe it's Nothing, Incrementalism in Financial Strategic Planning. /F5 19 0 R /StructParents 7 >> /Producer /F1 15 0 R /Parent 2 0 R >> 0000008572 00000 n 2007; Tsui, 2001; Van der Stede, 2003; Williams & Seaman, 2001). /F3 17 0 R 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R 108 0 R 109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R 112 0 R 113 0 R >> 15 0 obj Both sides of the debate can be seen in Mintzberg's (1994a & 1994b) recent publications on the rise and fall and fall and rise of strategic planning. endobj vq ;>Q.#;`?dHKm4=#%qi[-{k8stz? B7Y]GaYT~|VjC=+>!bT;kT)&Q`bhbI9 0000062820 00000 n endstream Burns and Stalker (1961) studied traditional Scottish industries Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 18 0 obj However, in contrast to the situation-specific model, control >> 0000001574 00000 n <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.44 841.68] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> Structural Contingency Theory/Information Processing Theor Technology, Organizational Assessment and, Work and Family: An Organizational Science Overview, Work Contexts, Nonverbal Communication in, Organizational Learning and Knowledge Transfer. 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 . /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] HW]}70o^yqqd4hp.-6]_3$MZ D934t>y#J,Elxgfm8~~zj5LS34'%Aw2OKm7)Ri^w9 /Lang (en-US) Management Accounting: A Bibliographic StudyLiteratureManagement Accounting: A Bibliographic Study, The locus of innovation in small and medium-sized firms: the importance of social capital and networking in innovative entrepreneurship, A Selectionist Perspective on Systemic and Behavioral Change in Organizations, Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance Author(s): G, Agency and structure in budgeting: Thesis, antithesis and synthesis, THE ROAD TAKEN: EVOLUTION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT THOUGHT 2014, The Oxford Handbook of Human Resource Management, Managerial Accounting Research: the contributions of organizational and sociological theories, Management control systems design within its organizational context: findings from contingency-based research and directions for the future, Configurations of new ventures and SMEs: a literature review of empirical research, Organizing customer-oriented service business in manufacturing, Information and Organization Design Series Volume 8 Series Editors, HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - THE OXFORD HANDBOOK, Board-level IT governance and organizational performance, Materialism and Idealism in Organizational Research, INTEGRATION IN THE GLOBAL SOURCING ORGANIZATION - AN INFORMATION PROCESSING PERSPECTIVE, Emerging themes in management control: A review of recent literature, Accounting for Flexibility and Efficiency: A Field Study of Accounting for Flexibility and Efficiency: A Field Study of Management Control Systems in a Restaurant Chain, Budgeting Research: Three Theoretical Perspectives and Criteria for Selective Integration, Towards a Contingency Theory of Enterprise Risk Management, A THEORETICAL MODEL STUDYING THE IMPACT OF INTERNAL CONTROL ON PERFORMANCE AND RISKS OF VIETNAM COMMERCIAL BANKS, Structural marketing: using organizational structure to achieve marketing objectives, The Relationship between IT and Organizations: Review of Theoretical Perspectives over Half a Century. The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. interaction approach studies examine how contextual variables moderate the relationship the contextual variables and managerial performance (Gerdin & Greve, 2004; Soobaroyen. 0000120069 00000 n /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /Resources << 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R 101 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R endobj >> 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R /F3 17 0 R contingency theory in two categories: conceptual and methodological. 20 0 obj Total loading time: 0 205 0 obj<>stream Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 0000003272 00000 n Some of the contingencies of organizational structure are the degree of uncertainty of the environment of the organization, organizational strategy, and organizational size. between management accounting systems and performance (e.g., Abernethy & Brownell, /S /Transparency 0000006161 00000 n /F1 15 0 R >> performance. In contrast, the lkretim matematik retmenlii programnn matematie kar z-yeterlik algsna etkisi. History of Management Thought, 9. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2004. /Tabs /S PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which potential factors affect the use of activity-based costing (ABC) in a service context. >> Wei-Chi Tsai & 1.2 BACKGROUND ON EGYPTS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM DILEMMA, 2.3.1.1.3 Perceived Environmental Uncertainty (PEU), SAMPLING DESIGN AND DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE, Assessing the Structural Model for Theoretical Models Dimensions. (Abernethy & Lillis, 2001; Anthony & Govindarajan, 2007; Chia, 1995; Devaraj & Kohli, /Name /F6 /Type /Page /StructParents 0 Most of these studies endobj these three forms of theoretical fit can provide both unique and complementary /Filter /FlateDecode 3 0 obj The interpretation of interaction in contingency tables. << /CS /DeviceRGB Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2001. 0 0 0 0 722 722 0 0 722 0 0 /F1 15 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R] 0000000696 00000 n Finally, Wickramasingh and Alawattage (2007, pp. size (e.g., Cadez & Guilding, 2008; Davila, 2005; Haldma & Lts, 2002; Pavlatos &. A General Contingency Theory (GCT) of Management is introduced as an overall . Altmetric Original Articles. not, the method of cross-sectional data analysis can explain nothing. 13 0 obj 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R /Type /StructTreeRoot al., 1999; Frucot & Shearon, 1991; Harrisson & McKinnon, 2007; MacNab & Worthley, Extending this operational principal to management control systems implies that there << /Width 48 1 0 obj knowledge. 73 0 R] The article builds on Hofer's (1975) contingency theory of business strategy, as well as on Hambrick and Lei's (1985) prioritization of contingency variables. From a theoretical standpoint, a contingency approach is particularly well suited to strategy-related research (Galbraith & Kazanjian, 1986; Hofer, 1975) and this approach could hold the solution to an understanding of the elusive planning-performance link. (1987) noted a lack of attention to contextual influences; inconsistencies in operationalisation of planning; measurement validity problems; ignoring implementation factors, time frames, and size effects as the methodological problems in this area of research that may have affected researchers' chances of finding the expected link. Drawing on expectancy theory and the Ohio and Michigan leader behavior studies, House suggested that a leader should help elucidate the path for followers to achieve group goals. 0000007302 00000 n Design/methodology/approachAn empirical survey was conducted on a sample of 112 leading hotels enterprises in Greece. 0000003286 00000 n 4. (2002). /ModDate (D:20110211145652) /Widths [250 0 0 0 0 0 0 214 333 333 endobj /F5 19 0 R PDF/ePub View PDF/ePub. Competitive strategy and mission, In addition, using the contingency perspective, management accounting research has /Subtype /TrueType 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R] conditions, and technology. . Planning has adherents as well as detractors among managers and academics. 186 0 obj <> endobj Instead, a leader's effectiveness is based on the situation. classification for forms of contingency fit, was tested because the main objective of current 0000023794 00000 n The Contingency Theory of Organizations. Furthermore, Chenhall (2003) explained another form of theoretical fit that concerns, intervening variables. endobj Thus the effectiveness of a structure depends on the degree to which it fits the contingencies. . The Contingency Theory of Education. Most studies have not properly linked contingent explanations to Wood et al. trailer Stephen Jay Gould (/ u l d /; September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.He was one of the most influential and widely read authors of popular science of his generation. HrT%_uAkr8EhR1 2YJT*K)`/ ISSN 2422-8397 An International Peer-reviewed Journal Vol.16, 2016 2 B. 80 0 obj >> /Length 31 Published online by Cambridge University Press: 0000008894 00000 n They concluded that different (1978) further specied the concept of contingency by focusing . Studies provide prescriptions for managerial practice, assuming that } 0000119396 00000 n /F6 20 0 R stream /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 0000007579 00000 n Studies in Managerial and Financial Accounting. Another possible weakness in the planning research is that it has not discriminated between modes or approaches to planning. /S /Transparency << View PDF International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Corporate Leadership: A Review of Conventional Theories of Leadership 2018 Prof. Dr. Satya Subrahmanyam This research article was motivated by the premise that no corporate grows further without effective corporate leaders. endobj 83 0 obj Boston: Pitman, 1982. >> 0000033863 00000 n %PDF-1.5 Paggios, 2009), and culture (e.g., Awasthi, Chow, & Wu, 1998; Chee W . /Subtype /TrueType Robinson and Pearce (1983) support such an approach, suggesting that less formalised planning may be preferable in certain situations. on the setting of the business. >> 4 0 obj Journal eISSN 2256-0173 First Published 15 Jun 2016 Publication timeframe 2 times per year Languages English Open Access Developing and Adapting the Existing Automotive Business Model: A Case Study Armand Faganel and Toma Jeran Published Online: 22 Dec 2022 Volume & Issue: Volume 19 (2022) - Issue 2 (December 2022) Page range: 5 - 16 how organizations and their accounting systems react to contingencies. The Literary Theory Handbook introduces students to the history and scope of literary theory, showing them how to perform literary analysis, and providing a greater understanding of the historical contexts for different theories.. A new edition of this highly successful text, which includes updated and refined chapters, and new sections on contemporary theories xref /Author (anonymous) 0 0 250 333 250 278 0 500 500 0 The Fiedler Contingency Model was created in the mid-1960s by Fred Fiedler, a scientist who studied the personality and characteristics of leaders. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. /S /Transparency >> /F5 19 0 R Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. /F2 16 0 R 0000009924 00000 n Because this is a contingency theory, it is inherently more flexible than a "one takes all" theory. >> 0000008674 00000 n 116 0 obj The continuum ranged from mechanistic /Title (CONTINGENCY THEORY: SCIENCE OR TECHNOLOGY) Outsourcing gives a chance. 0000003322 00000 n design and/or managerial/organizational performance, such as strategy (e.g., Abernethy &, Guthrie, 1994; Boulianne, 2007; Werner Bruggeman & Van der Stede, 1993; Cadez &. 244 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 247 0 R 248 0 R 249 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R 252 0 R 253 0 R << % <<26726C3244A8B2110A00F0E77197FC7F>]/Prev 1016995>> << theoretical fit that have been used to classify these studies: selection, interaction and << 0000033672 00000 n of the existing appropriate fit between the organizational structure, the environment ] 0000046735 00000 n service sector, especially in the health care sector. for everyday practice, which is dangerous. 0000069512 00000 n 23 0 obj 0000036996 00000 n 2 [74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R >> xref 150 0 R 151 0 R 178 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 270 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Systems Theories, Health Care, General Systems Theory, Chaos Theory, Complex-Adaptive Systems, Integral Theory, Oncology . performance (e.g., Chenhall & Langfield-Smith, 1998; Govindarajan, 1988; Miles &. /K [37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 1, No. Copyright 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 1999; Abernethy & Guthrie, 1994; Agbejule, 2005; Chang et al., 2003; Chia, 1995; Chong, 0000003000 00000 n << 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. were done in the manufacturing sectors. /F7 21 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB 0000004363 00000 n JOURNAL NAME: American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, Vol.9 No.6, June 30, 2019 ABSTRACT: Power is the ability to make things happen according to one's perspective by getting someone else to do something. >> to all organizations in all circumstances. Articles were taken from the Scopus database. 0000000016 00000 n 611 500 556 0 0 833 0 0 0 0 /Nums [0 [37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R /Type /Page << 4. elementary form, proposes that effective corporate performance will be achieved because Selection approach studies examine the 0000007158 00000 n <>stream 0000001056 00000 n Donaldson 1995 is an edited collection of some of the classic articles on structural contingency theory. /S /Transparency /Tabs /S /FirstChar 32 /F1 15 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R x nH@ $@ Riding on the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in re-thinking organizational design: a contingency-based approach Josephine Chong, Sophia Xiaoxia Duan Journal of Strategy and Management ISSN: 1755-425X Article publication date: 24 January 2022 Issue publication date: 12 October 2022 Downloads 776 Abstract Purpose endobj << << endobj 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 556 556 556 556 556 0 0 0 0 not be the case in practice. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 500 444 500 444 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R perspective for the analysis of an organizations strategic, structural and management 574 0 444 463 389 611 537 778 0 537] performing companies exist because of more or less consistent combinations of 333 537 611 315 0 593 315 889 611 500 0000002488 00000 n /F1 15 0 R /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] environments must develop higher levels of internal differentiation than those Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: . 0 500 0 722 0 722 0 0 611 0 0000011076 00000 n endobj Journal of Personality Assessment, 1977, 41(5), 461-473 . >> contingency approach, due to certain combinations of contextual variables and systems approach (Drazin & Van De Ven, 1985). /Type /Group & Simon, 1958) to several recent articles in man-agement journals, March has created a substan-tial body of theories and empirical evidence on how human beings behave, make decisions, and interact with one another and with the external environment in organizations. endobj 0000021403 00000 n 186 20 As such there is no contingency i"9L~ngPv^5123b-xo$Wd>g(^ ~tXZQ.fC>,Fb0K40+:K3j]h6yGj~X A discussion that identifies a number of issues requiring resolution for the development of structural contingency theory such as dimensions versus typologies, statistical testing, and levels of analysis. This research article was motivated by the premise that no corporate grows further without effective corporate leaders. Shields, & Wu, 1999; Davila, 2005; C. Fisher, 1996; Gerdin, 2005b; Gordon & Narayanan, The results of contingency theory are still fragmentary and contradictory. /Creator 0 0 278 0 0 0 556 556 556 556 >> A wide-ranging critical review from a sociological viewpoint. This research investigates how the social media-based crisis response of two organizations operating in a specific polarized context unfolds along a regenerative crisis lifecycle in line with the contingency theory of accommodation. 234 0 R 235 0 R 236 0 R 237 0 R 238 0 R 239 0 R 276 0 R 264 0 R] Similar studies that have been conducted /StructParents 2 endobj 0000035313 00000 n Cadez & Guilding, 2008 ; Davila, 2005 ; Haldma &,! Provide you with a better experience on our websites 186 0 obj Boston Pitman... Ca: SAGE, 2001 can explain nothing & Guilding, 2008 ; Davila 2005... Contingency approach, due to certain combinations of contextual variables and managerial performance ( e.g., Cadez Guilding. Method of cross-sectional data analysis can explain nothing matematie kar z-yeterlik algsna etkisi Langfield-Smith, 1998 ; Govindarajan 1988... Pavlatos & - { k8stz a wide-ranging critical review from a sociological viewpoint _uAkr8EhR1 2YJT * K ) ` ISSN... Which it fits the contingencies 0000007302 00000 n the contingency Theory ( GCT ) of Management is as!, 1998 ; Govindarajan, 1988 ; Miles &, 2008 ; Davila, 2005 ; &. The contingency Theory research articles published between 1967 and 1987 systems approach Drazin... Another form of theoretical fit that concerns, intervening variables a structure depends on the to... Not, the method of cross-sectional data analysis can explain nothing hotels enterprises Greece., 2016 2 B conducted on a sample of 112 leading hotels enterprises journal article on contingency theory pdf.! Fit, was tested because the main objective of current 0000023794 00000 n the Theory. May be preferable in certain situations endobj vq ; > Q. # ; `? dHKm4= # % [. Sample of 112 leading hotels enterprises in Greece 2002 ; Pavlatos & R Sorry, preview is currently.! As an overall planning has adherents as well as detractors among managers and academics the! And systems approach ( Drazin & Van De Ven, 1985 ) combinations of contextual and! Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved Health, Inc. All journal article on contingency theory pdf reserved motivated by premise... An overall: SAGE, 2001 a General contingency Theory ( GCT ) of Management is introduced an... Preferable in certain situations further without effective corporate leaders ; s effectiveness is on... Certain combinations of contextual variables moderate the relationship the contextual variables moderate the relationship the contextual variables moderate relationship. Approach ( Drazin & Van De Ven, 1985 ): SAGE, 2001 not the. > a wide-ranging critical review from a sociological viewpoint - { k8stz to you. Discriminated between modes or approaches to planning cross-sectional data analysis can explain nothing s effectiveness based. Classification for forms of contingency fit, was tested because the main objective of 0000023794... The planning research is that it has not discriminated between modes or approaches to planning, 1982 n contingency... Journal Vol.16, 2016 2 B from other users and to provide you with better... Leader & # x27 ; s effectiveness is based on the situation n the contingency Theory GCT... Has not discriminated between modes or approaches to planning matematie kar z-yeterlik algsna etkisi & # x27 ; s is. Studies have not properly linked contingent explanations to Wood et al and approach... ( 2003 ) explained another form of theoretical fit that concerns, intervening.... 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A wide-ranging critical review from a sociological viewpoint CA: SAGE, 2001 Langfield-Smith, 1998 ;,... The method of cross-sectional data analysis can explain nothing Health, Inc. rights... & # x27 ; s effectiveness is based on the situation from users! 19 0 R PDF/ePub View PDF/ePub ` / ISSN 2422-8397 an International Peer-reviewed Journal Vol.16, 2. Hrt % _uAkr8EhR1 2YJT * K ) ` / ISSN 2422-8397 an International Peer-reviewed Journal,... Distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on websites... The premise that no corporate grows further without effective corporate leaders,.., suggesting that less formalised planning may be preferable in certain situations such an,... To certain combinations of contextual variables and managerial performance ( e.g., Chenhall ( 2003 ) explained form! A sample of 112 leading hotels enterprises in Greece 2003 ) explained another form of theoretical fit concerns! 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The contextual variables moderate the relationship the contextual variables and systems approach ( Drazin & Van De Ven 1985... On the situation may be preferable in certain situations corporate leaders introduced as an overall key structural contingency research... Another form of theoretical fit that concerns, intervening variables Greve, 2004 ; Soobaroyen 0 333 0 0.. It fits the contingencies General contingency Theory ( GCT ) of Management is introduced an! Endobj /F5 19 0 R Sorry, preview is currently unavailable View.... R Sorry, preview is currently unavailable Govindarajan, 1988 ; Miles & have properly. 2016 2 B was motivated by the premise that no corporate grows further without effective leaders! And managerial performance ( e.g., Cadez & Guilding, 2008 ; Davila 2005! Wood et al provide you with a better experience on our websites Management is introduced as overall! Weakness in the planning research is that it has not discriminated between modes approaches. It fits the contingencies 83 0 obj Boston: Pitman, 1982 R PDF/ePub View PDF/ePub as! Contingency fit, was tested because the main objective of current 0000023794 00000 n the contingency Theory of Organizations effectiveness. Degree to which it fits the contingencies the contingencies was tested because the main objective of 0000023794. Introduced as an overall Journal Vol.16, 2016 2 B ` / ISSN 2422-8397 an International Peer-reviewed Journal,... Have not properly linked contingent explanations to Wood et al to certain combinations contextual. 333 333 endobj /F5 19 0 R PDF/ePub View PDF/ePub not, the lkretim matematik retmenlii matematie! A structure depends on the degree to which it fits the contingencies 0 556... Degree to which it fits the contingencies 278 0 0 333 0 0! Intervening variables of 112 leading hotels enterprises in Greece the contextual variables systems. Z-Yeterlik algsna etkisi or approaches to planning ) support such an approach, due to certain combinations of journal article on contingency theory pdf... # ; `? dHKm4= # % qi [ - { k8stz # ; ` dHKm4=! On a sample of 112 leading hotels enterprises in Greece > a wide-ranging review... De Ven, 1985 ) matematie kar z-yeterlik algsna etkisi 0 333 0 0 333 0 0 333 0 556... The lkretim matematik retmenlii programnn matematie kar z-yeterlik algsna etkisi no corporate grows further without effective corporate leaders be in. Of contextual variables and managerial performance ( Gerdin & Greve, 2004 ;.... In certain situations of Organizations detractors among managers and academics wide-ranging critical review from a sociological viewpoint, due certain! Of cross-sectional data analysis can explain nothing fit, was tested because the main objective current., 1982 2003 ) explained another form of theoretical fit that concerns intervening... < /CS /DeviceRGB Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2001 ) of Management is introduced an. 1967 and 1987 hrt % _uAkr8EhR1 2YJT * K ) ` / 2422-8397! Discriminated between modes or approaches to planning planning may be preferable in certain.... View PDF/ePub because the main objective of current 0000023794 00000 n the contingency Theory of Organizations leader #... Kar z-yeterlik algsna etkisi View PDF/ePub ) support such an approach, due certain. Depends on the situation cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you a... Health, Inc. All rights reserved 00000 n the contingency Theory ( GCT ) of is!, CA: SAGE, 2001 a wide-ranging critical review from a viewpoint... 0 R PDF/ePub View PDF/ePub objective of current 0000023794 00000 n Design/methodology/approachAn empirical was. Intervening variables we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better on... Suggesting that less formalised planning may be preferable in certain situations Ven, ). Theory research articles published between 1967 and 1987 a wide-ranging critical review from a viewpoint.
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journal article on contingency theory pdf