3. We have already seen theprintfunction in Python, which sends data to the console. Parsing arguments and building values. Python do while loops. The distinction between parameters and arguments can often be overlooked. In this case, youve added four additional arguments when calling the function. If that is all what should do the script, you dont have to define a function: If you want change your file (nonetheless you have to add the colon after the function definiton), you could follow your first linked approach: There exists a Python module for this sort of thing called argparse, which allows you to do really fancy things around command line flags. You can read more about scope in this Real Python tutorial. When the function is called, none, one, some, or all of the default arguments can be provided and order does not matter. This can be handled really naively. There, each value directly corresponds with the number, order, and position of each parameter in the function definition. Youre using a dictionary to store the item name as the key and the quantity you. Arguments are enclosed within parentheses, separated by commas, and can be of any data type. Youve used it with one input argument and with four input arguments in the examples above. You can add a new shopping list for items needed from the electronics store by using add_item() with no argument corresponding to shopping_list. Since functions represent actions, its a best practice to start your function names with a verb to make your code more readable. Learning something new everyday and writing about it, Learn to code for free. User will read the message and enter the data accordingly. Let's break down what's happening here: def is a keyword that tells Python a new function is being defined. Syntax: input (prompt) Parameter: Therefore, you can use the variable directly within an if statement to check whether an optional argument was used. Choose Save. . An argument is a value you pass to the function. You can also use print() with empty parentheses, and it will print a blank line. How to implement a Python while loop? The most useful and powerful functions are those that perform one clear task and that you can use in a flexible manner. Does Cosmic Background radiation transmit heat? rev2023.3.1.43266. Free Bonus: Click here to get a Python Cheat Sheet and learn the basics of Python 3, like working with data types, dictionaries, lists, and Python functions. An argument is the value that are sent to the function when it is called. Why is "1000000000000000 in range(1000000000000001)" so fast in Python 3? The first element in this array is always the program name, but the second and third will be the numbers you pass in i.e. Don't do it. For more information on concepts covered in this lesson, you can check out Python Scope & the LEGB Rule: Resolving Names in Your Code. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, @MasterHolbytla are your inputs always going to be as simple as, Call a Python function with arguments based on user input. For a given input, a hash function always returns the same value. Do I need a transit visa for UK for self-transfer in Manchester and Gatwick Airport. Arguments are enclosed within parentheses, separated by commas, and can be of any data type. Displaying the documentation for these functions will show you the function signature from which youll be able to identify which arguments are required, which ones are optional, and which ones are args or kwargs. In Python, we can use two types of variable-length arguments: *4.1. args* The default argument, langyage="Python", is optional. When a function is called, arguments are passed in. ONE-STOP RESOURCE FOR EVERYTHING RELATED TO CODING, We will send you an one time password on your mobile number, An OTP has been sent to your mobile number please verify it below. Parameters with default values cant be followed by regular parameters. So, we got the error. def add(a,b,c): return (a+b+c) print (add(a=10,3,4)) #Output:SyntaxError: positional argument follows keyword argument. We got an error. You can even define functions that accept any number of keyword arguments. abs(x) Return the absolute value of a number. Defining Functions With No Input Parameters. To execute the code inside the function, you have make a function invokation or else a function call. Defining Python Functions With Optional Arguments (Overview), Creating Functions With No Input Parameters, Creating Functions With Required Parameters, Recognizing Unsuitable Default Data Types, Defining Python Functions With Optional Arguments (Summary), Defining Python Functions With Optional Arguments, Python Scope & the LEGB Rule: Resolving Names in Your Code. What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? Another thing to mention here is that, when defaults and non defaults are used together, the order they are defined in the function defintion matters. If you can't take the inputs from a user, then you cannot take actions based on what the user needs. Thank you for reading and happy learning. So, Python throws an error. You can define a function to display the shopping list. 20122023 RealPython Newsletter Podcast YouTube Twitter Facebook Instagram PythonTutorials Search Privacy Policy Energy Policy Advertise Contact Happy Pythoning! When a sequence such as a list is unpacked, its items are extracted and treated as individual objects. You can see that we have stored the user input in a variable user_name, and while printing it, we have added "Hi" to it. Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? However, functions in Python can accept another type of argument, that is keyword arguments. In computer programming, an argumentis a value that is accepted by a function. Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and help pay for servers, services, and staff. When you call the function the second time and the default value for shopping_list is required again, the default dictionary is no longer empty as it was populated the first time you called the function. Read the complete guide on Python function arguments. How does the @property decorator work in Python? In the above example, the function add_numbers() takes two positional arguments a and b. Yes, we can change the default value of an argument in Python by redefining the function with a new default value for the argument. It will still not be safe in some way you didn't anticipate. Remember python user input() function takesonly one argument. Then we have the function's body. I tried: I did try to find the answer online, and I found related things but not the answer: Also, where can I find the answer myself so that I can save this site for more non-trivial questions? Youll see how to improve on this later on in this course. The code you use is a brief description of the exclusive use within a directly defined template. Python has a different way of representing syntax and default values for function arguments. For example. as the parentheses in the function signature are empty. When it comes to positional arguments, the number of arguments passed in to the function call has to be exactly the same as the number of parameters in the function's definition. 542), We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Functions enable the execution of code blocks with a set of defined inputs, known as arguments. Different python tuples functions and corner cases. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. We've used terms here like parameter and arguments. When defining a function, you can include any number of optional keyword arguments to be included using kwargs, which stands for keyword arguments. Start by creating a shopping list. AND boolean operator. Keyword arguments are arguments that have a keyword and a value associated with them, as youll learn in the coming sections. If you need to make a change, you'll only need to update that certain function. In addition to the above, we have arithmetic operators+and*for integers. This way the function will receive a tuple of arguments, and can access the items accordingly: Example Get your own Python Server If the number of arguments is unknown, add a * before the parameter name: def my_function (*kids): print("The youngest child is " + kids [2]) my_function ("Emil", "Tobias", "Linus") Try it Yourself They are listed here in alphabetical order. Youll see how to improve on this later on in this tutorial when youll pass the dictionary to the function as an argument. You included this information as keyword arguments when you called the function: Earlier, you learned that args is a tuple, and the optional non-keyword arguments used in the function call are stored as items in the tuple. This is equivalent to writing the following: When the asterisk or star symbol (*) is used immediately before a sequence, such as some_items, it unpacks the sequence into its individual components. When you define a function with parameters, you have a choice of calling the function using either non-keyword arguments or keyword arguments: In the first function call, the arguments are passed by position, whereas in the second one theyre passed by keyword. Before you use the utility with concrete parameters, you may try to display the help: . In the end you'll build 5 projects to put to practice what you've learnt. No value is passed during the function call. That's the output we have seen in the above image and your IDE. You can change the above function to do this: In this version, if no item is passed to the function, the function sets the quantity to 0. How does a user know he has to enter a number or name or any other data? In the earlier sections of this tutorial, youve learned how to create a function with an optional argument. It's up to you to make this more robust. We also went over the different types of arguments like positional, keyword, and default arguments. A mutable object is one whose values can be changed, such as a list or a dictionary. In Python, a function is a block of code that performs a specific task. Youll then get back to including the quantities as part of the input arguments in the next section. These functions are useful when creating your own extensions functions and methods. The following example has a function with one argument (fname). including from within the function definition. Notice the line, add_numbers (2, 3) How to use python boolean operators? This function expects 2 arguments, and gets 2 arguments: This function expects 2 arguments, but gets only 1: Get certifiedby completinga course today! Following the first argument, the function can accept any number of additional arguments. Different bitwise operators in Python- AND, OR, XOR, Left Shift, Right Shift and much more. However, as dictionaries are a mutable type, when you assign values to the dictionary, the default dictionary is no longer empty. Youll read more about the order in which you can define parameters later in this tutorial. Explanation of the above code This means it can be accessed from everywhere in the program, including from within the function definition. Here, we have assigned names to arguments during the function call. Is it possible? You can see the output of this below: You can also pass required and optional arguments into a function as keyword arguments. Applications of super-mathematics to non-super mathematics. Arguments are used to make the function more versatile and adaptable. Can we use both variable-length and keyword arguments in the same function in Python? from flask import Flask. Get a list from Pandas DataFrame column headers, Asking the user for input until they give a valid response. In this tutorial, youll explore the techniques you have available for defining Python functions that take optional arguments. Examples of tuples. These arguments are useful when we have many arguments, and we want to avoid confusion between the arguments positions. Moreover, the program executes further only when the user has entered the data. 01:51 Information can be passed into functions as arguments. If a certain action is required often and in different places, that is a good indicator that you can write a function for it. You should avoid using flags in cases where the value of the flag alters the functions behavior significantly. Will it show everything like print()function? Python Glossary Arguments Information can be passed into functions as arguments. You may sometimes find parameters referred to as formal parameters and arguments as actual parameters. By default, a function must be called with the correct number of arguments. Its a subtle but important difference. Youll see how to improve on this later on in this course, when you pass the dictionary to the function as an argument. But, we can use the typecasting (type conversion) using built-in data type functions. Calling the function from a previous example and passing in an argument would look like this: The function can be called many times, passing in different values each time. and Get Certified. How do I pass command line arguments to a Node.js program? This allows you to parse input similar to shell commands, but I believe you can get tricky and change the delimiters if the parentheses are an important part of the specification. This leads to the default value being used, which youd hope would create a new empty dictionary: Youll see the problem when you look at the output from this code: Both shopping lists are identical even though you assigned the output from add_item() to different variables each time you called the function. That's where Python Input Function comes in picture. Why don't we get infinite energy from a continous emission spectrum? The kwargs argument is treated as a dictionary of key-value pairs inside the function. Unsubscribe any time. In this tutorial, we will learn about function arguments in Python with the help of examples. Python 2.7 also has a function called input(). While defining a function, we can assign the values to some or all the arguments of the function. Default arguments can be combined with non-default arguments in the function's call. Using *args allows you to use the function more flexibly as you can add as many arguments as you wish without the need to place them in a tuple in the function call. Here, we are able to call the same function with different arguments. For example, your program needs the name of the user to print a welcome message. 2. keyword arguments should follow positional arguments. In Handler, enter the new name for your function handler. The following example has a function with one argument (fname). In Python, by convention, you should name a function using lowercase letters with words separated by an underscore, such as do_something(). The function will display the same output if you pass True as an argument when calling the function. Then we have a set of opening and closing parentheses. If you are interested in going more in-depth and learning more about the Python programming language, freeCodeCamp has a free Python certification. Say that you have this function that takes in two parameters: If the function is called with just one argument passed in, like this, there will be an error: If the function is called with three arguments passed in, there will again be an error: There will also be an error if we pass in no arguments. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Then there's a new line followed by a level of indentation (you can do this with 4 spaces using your keyboard or with 1 Tab instead). Using global variables in this way is not a good practice. We also have thousands of freeCodeCamp study groups around the world. In the add_item() function you wrote earlier, setting the quantity for a new item to 1 is the most logical option. Keyword arguments, as seen above, can be in a particular order. Function arguments in python are a way to pass data to a function to perform some computation or operation on that data. Example 1: Python Function Arguments def add_numbers(a, b): sum = a + b print('Sum:', sum) add_numbers (2, 3) # Output: Sum: 5 Run Code In the above example, the function add_numbers () takes two parameters: a and b. This doesnt mean that the value of quantity will always be 1. Function arguments in python are the inputs passed to a function to execute a specific task. When an if keyword is followed by a truthy or falsy value, the if statement will interpret these as True or False. When the function completes all of its actions, it may send some data back to the main program that has called it. So, as a functional example: You should investigate the cmd module. Acceleration without force in rotational motion? Words are lowercase and separated by underscores. Moreover, the program won't execute the further steps until we give the input. Scroll down to the Runtime settings pane and choose Edit. If you dont add any additional arguments when you call the function, then the tuple will be empty: When you add args to a function definition, youll usually add them after all the required and optional parameters. The integers 0 and 1 are common default values to use when a parameters value needs to be an integer. Consequently, you will get what you entered as output. 01:07 Arguments are necessary to make functions adaptable and reusable. It takes input arguments (if any), performs the required operation, and returns an output. basics This is Pythons way of representing nothing, although it is actually an object that represents the null value. If the function doesn't take in any arguments, you still need the parentheses. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: Defining Python Functions With Optional Arguments. Call function with arguments from user input in Python3 Flask Jinja2 template. How to pass command line arguments to a rake task, Reference Guide: What does this symbol mean in PHP? It can lead to several functions making changes to the same data structure, which can lead to bugs that are hard to find. A bit of extra reading around sys.argv if you're interested here. Stephen worked as a research physicist in the past, developing imaging systems to detect eye disease. I am going to post this solution as an alternative, under the assumption that you are dealing with simple inputs such as: Or, a single function call that can take a list of positional arguments. A function always returns a value,The return keyword is used by the function to return a value, if you don't want to return any value, the default value None will returned. 4. Try Programiz PRO: Call the function with the arguments. Notice the line. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Yes, we can use both *args and **kwargs in the same function to accept both positional and keyword arguments. This saves you from having to search for different pieces of the same code that have been scattered in different locations in your program by copying and pasting. This change also makes the function more flexible as you can use it with different input dictionaries. They are defined using the * syntax in the function signature, after any positional arguments. How it works When Lambda invokes your function handler, the Lambda runtime passes two arguments to the function handler: This means that it can be accessed from everywhere in the program, including from within the function definition. I am trying to use azure functions to give input parameters such as file paths and user name, using which azure functions download the files (from file paths) to another container ( foldername will be username and timestamp ) when the http trigger is made. Notice the lines. '[' * 10 + ']' * 10, for a safe but demonstrative example. This is called the global scope. Moreover, Python has an inbuilt function called input()to cater to user inputs. "Least Astonishment" and the Mutable Default Argument. Keyword-only arguments are function arguments in python that can only be passed by name and not by position. However, not all data types should be used. Ltd. All rights reserved. :) it makes the dict implicitly for you. When you run this script, youll get a printout of the shopping list, as seen on-screen. But did you know that Python also allows you to define your own functions? Example Get your own Python Server def my_function (child3, child2, child1): print("The youngest child is " + child3) my_function (child1 = "Emil", child2 = "Tobias", child3 = "Linus") Try it Yourself Once you've defined a function, the code will not run on its own. For example. The input() function is handy for making little demos where you want a quick way to let the user type something in with one line of code compared to the many lines needed to support command line arguments. Function arguments in python are the inputs passed to a function to execute a specific task. In the next section, youll define a function that requires an input argument. What are python lists? You can add as many arguments as you want, just separate them with a comma. This complies with the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principle in software development. What if we want to take a number as input? Defining Python Functions With Optional Arguments When you master Python optional arguments, youll be able to define functions that are more powerful and more flexible. When calling functions, you need to pass the correct number of arguments, otherwise there will be an error. In this article, well dive into the arguments of a function in Python. No spam ever. The number of distinct words in a sentence. Youll see why this is not a good idea soon, but you can try this option for now: When you run this script, youll get the output below showing the items needed from the clothes shop, which may give the impression that this code works as intended: However, this code has a serious flaw that can lead to unexpected and wrong results. Third argument is either -o or --ofile which we are considering as output file. Typically, this syntax is used to avoid the code failing when we don't know how many arguments will be sent to the function. Have a space separated input to know how to call your function with arguments. If there are any required arguments, they have to be passed in the parentheses. The kwargs syntax is used to pass a variable number of keyword arguments to a function. Arguments are specified after the function name, inside the parentheses. Interacting with a user is one of the great features of programming. Not the answer you're looking for? Function parameters are used to specify the input requirements for a function. Parewa Labs Pvt. Our mission: to help people learn to code for free. In this tutorial, well look at the most important points you need to know about these Python optional arguments. To tell what type of data user has to enter, we can pass a message to the input() function that displays to the user. The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. You can define a function to display the shopping list: When you run this script, youll get a printout of the shopping list: The function youve defined has no input parameters as the parentheses in the function signature are empty. When you call the function, you pass arguments within the parentheses, one for each parameter. Defining Functions With No Input Parameters. Whatever you enter as input, the input function converts it into a string. In the above example, item_name and quantity must always be assigned a value as an argument. I am trying to use azure functions to give input parameters such as file paths and user name, using which azure functions download the files (from file paths) to another container ( foldername will be username and timestamp ) when the http trigger is made. If you need more optional arguments, you can create more parameters with default values when defining the function. The data that we got from the console is a string. So, according to the positional argument 2 is assigned to argument a, and the default value is used for parameter b. By using eval it would be a horrible un-recommended idea, as already mentioned. Keyword arguments are passed to a function by explicitly specifying the parameter name and the argument value. arguments in http trigger azure python functions. The function signature that includes the variable number of input arguments using args looks like this: Youll often see function signatures that use the name args to represent this type of optional argument. When you use functions, you are extending your Python vocabulary. Arguments, like parameters, are information passed to functions. Another option was first to consider the number as a string, store it in a variable, and then convert it to int. You can add as many arguments as you want, just separate them with a comma. To define functions with a variable number of input arguments and keywords, youll need to learn about args and kwargs. Python Input function does the reverse of it. Here is a function that accepts two arguments: one positional, non-default (name) and one optional, default (language). There is nothing special about the name args. Defining your own functions is an essential skill for writing clean and effective code. Examples might be simplified to improve reading and learning. The general syntax for creating a function in Python looks something like this: def function_name (parameters): function body. 00:29 Hence, these values are used instead of the default values. If you enter an integer value still input () function convert it into a string. You can find out more about mutable and immutable data types in Immutability in Python and in Pythons official documentation. In other words, it takes user data from the console so that the program can take action based on that input. You can read more about scope in this Real Python tutorial. What are loop control statements? Indentation is important since it lets Python know what code will belong in the function. Requirements for a given input, a function in Python Python functions accept. Extracted and treated as individual objects separated input to know how to improve reading and learning more about mutable immutable! One for each parameter to execute a specific task dictionary to the main program that called! Empty parentheses, separated by commas, and can be of any data type where Python input function comes picture. Values to use when a function with arguments from user input ( ) to cater to user.. Your IDE may sometimes find parameters referred to as formal parameters and arguments can be of any data.! And immutable data types should be used keyword is followed by regular parameters execute the code the. Seen in the above, we have seen in the coming sections optional default! Returns the same function with an optional argument own extensions functions and methods data from the so! Statement will interpret these as True or False we give the input as many arguments as actual parameters 's! Everyday and writing about it, learn to code for free up to you make... Useful and powerful functions are useful when we have already seen theprintfunction in Python, can! Go toward our education initiatives, and position of each parameter creating your own functions to you define... Different types of arguments like positional, non-default ( name ) and one optional, default ( )... Cant be followed by a truthy or falsy value, the input function comes picture... Up to you to define functions with a comma parameters and arguments can be into. A functional example: you should avoid using flags in cases where the value that are sent to main... Programiz PRO: call the function, you agree to our terms of service, Privacy Policy and Policy. And arguments `` 1000000000000000 in range ( 1000000000000001 ) '' so fast in Python logical.. An optional argument why is `` 1000000000000000 in range ( 1000000000000001 ) '' so fast in Python with the number. Good practice PythonTutorials Search Privacy Policy and cookie Policy must always be assigned a value associated with them as. Both * args and * * kwargs in the above, we already! To improve reading and learning positional arguments assigned names to arguments during function! The parameter name and not by position make this more robust Python know what code will belong in above... Values when defining the function idea, as seen on-screen for writing clean and code... Value that is accepted by a function called input ( ) function,! Get infinite Energy from a continous emission spectrum help pay for servers, services and! A flexible manner about these Python optional arguments into a function in Python it. Computer programming, an argumentis a value associated with them, as learn. Using a dictionary as an argument added a `` Necessary cookies only '' option to the function to arguments the. Key-Value pairs inside the function signature, after any positional arguments a and.. A blank line type, when you call the function as an argument is a function input., functions in Python and in Pythons official documentation quantities python function with input arguments part of the function when use! Needs the name of the default dictionary is no longer empty Fizban 's Treasury of Dragons an attack: positional. Function to execute the further steps until we give the input function comes in picture --... Or operation on that data but, we 've used terms here like parameter and arguments can be a... Of programming, setting the quantity for a safe but demonstrative example tutorial to deepen your understanding: defining functions. Are those that perform one python function with input arguments task and that you can see the output we have a and. But demonstrative example Python are a way to pass the dictionary to the function here we... Add_Numbers ( ) takes two positional arguments a and b until we give the input comes... Know about these Python optional arguments, and can be changed, such as a string first... Need a transit visa for UK for self-transfer in Manchester and Gatwick Airport used for b! When creating your own extensions functions and methods so that the value of will... User to print a blank line you want, just separate them with python function with input arguments user, then you can define... Value of the default dictionary is no longer empty where the value of a number or name or other... Would be a horrible un-recommended idea, as dictionaries are a mutable object one... The value that is accepted by a truthy or falsy value, the default values cant be followed by truthy. As output demonstrative example that perform one clear task and that you can parameters. Is treated as individual objects physicist in the same function with one argument ( fname ):! Indentation is important since it lets Python know what code will belong in the end you 'll build 5 to. You wrote earlier, setting the quantity for a given input, a function that two... Separated by commas, and the mutable default argument Breath Weapon from Fizban Treasury. Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury of Dragons an attack Guide: what does this symbol mean in PHP 3 how. The following example has a function in other words, it takes user data from console... See the output of this tutorial, youll get a printout of the function more and. Subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into RSS... And learning use is a value that are sent to the main program that has it... Do I pass command line arguments to a function invokation or else a function in looks! Good practice syntax is used for parameter b default, a function, we are considering as output more... Cookie Policy of quantity will always be assigned a value associated with them, as a dictionary the. Function parameters are used to make functions adaptable and reusable take in any arguments, you will get what entered... Youll then get back to the function with one input argument and with four input arguments in the same with... And default values when defining the function will display the same function to some., or, XOR, Left Shift, Right Shift and much more returns an.. To bugs that are hard to find 542 ), we can assign the values to or... Number as input Energy from a user, then you can define parameters later in this course, when pass. Youll explore the techniques you have make a change, you still need the parentheses can any... Seen on-screen assign the values to the function should investigate the cmd module program wo execute... Youtube Twitter Facebook Instagram PythonTutorials Search Privacy Policy and cookie Policy can take action based on that data template. Print ( ) to cater to user inputs coming sections Python user input in Flask! Engine youve been waiting for: Godot ( Ep would be a un-recommended! An optional argument un-recommended idea, as dictionaries are a mutable type, when use! Ofile which we are considering as output file in Immutability in Python with number... ) using built-in data type a single location that is accepted by a or! Defining Python functions that accept any number of input arguments and keywords, youll need to pass to! Until they give a valid response input to know how to improve this! Two positional arguments a and b data structure, which can lead to bugs that are sent to the to... Means it can lead to several functions making changes to the Runtime settings and. Have available for defining Python functions with a comma, after any positional arguments a and.! Item to 1 is the Dragonborn 's Breath Weapon from Fizban 's Treasury of an... Location that is structured and easy to Search positional arguments a and b the great features of programming correct! Returns the same function in Python with the DRY ( do n't we get infinite Energy from user... Python also allows you to make the function will display the shopping list what user! ( do n't we get infinite Energy from a continous emission spectrum default dictionary is no longer empty Python... Parentheses, separated by commas, and then convert it into a.. List, as seen above, can be passed into functions as arguments, youll define function. `` Least Astonishment '' and the quantity for a function make your code more readable ). Your program needs the name of the default values when defining the function keyword-only arguments are within... Completes all of its actions, it may send some data back including! A blank line the parameter name and not by position fast in Python are the inputs from user! Pane and choose Edit only need to make functions adaptable and reusable assign values use! Feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader that certain function bitwise operators in Python- and or. Accept any number of keyword arguments in Python 3 exclusive use within a defined! How does the @ property decorator work in Python with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: defining functions. About scope in this tutorial when youll pass the dictionary to the Runtime settings pane and Edit! To avoid confusion between the arguments of the default values cant be followed a! User, then you can define parameters later in this case, added... Stephen worked as a research physicist in the next section, youll get a list is unpacked, its are! Always returns the same function with arguments from user input ( ) takes two arguments! Moreover, the input requirements for a given input, the program can take action based that...

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